Code Details
| Display code | SPN 3364 FMI 1 |
|---|---|
| SPN | 3364 |
| FMI | 1 |
| OEM code | None listed |
| Manufacturer | Volvo |
| System | Aftertreatment �?DEF system |
| Component | DEF quality / concentration sensor |
| Source address | Unknown or not applicable |
| Severity | medium |
| Review status | source backed |
| Source confidence | medium |
| Last reviewed | 2026-06-11 |
Plain-English Meaning
The Volvo D13's SCR system depends on DEF with approximately 32.5% urea concentration to convert NOx in the exhaust. When the quality sensor reads below that level, the engine control module logs this code and starts the inducement countdown. Volvo's inducement system mirrors other heavy-duty OEMs �?a warning period followed by a torque derate and speed limit if the issue is not corrected.
SPN 3364 is Aftertreatment 1 DEF Concentration in J1939. FMI 1 indicates a valid reading below the normal range. On Volvo D13 engines, the engine control module (EMS) monitors DEF quality via a sensor in the DEF supply system. Volvo's VCADS Pro diagnostic software provides access to the DEF quality sensor live data, the SCR inducement counter, and companion aftertreatment codes. Volvo uses the term AdBlue for DEF in some documentation.
Common Symptoms
- Amber check engine or AdBlue/DEF warning lamp active
- DEF quality warning on the Volvo instrument cluster display
- Inducement distance countdown visible in VCADS or the Volvo Remote Diagnostics portal
- No immediate power loss at initial fault set
Possible Causes
Possible causes may include the items below. The list is not a parts diagnosis.
- DEF tank filled with water or wrong fluid
- DEF diluted by water ingestion through a leaking filler cap or tank
- DEF aged or heat-degraded below minimum urea concentration
- DEF quality sensor fault
- Wiring or connector fault at the quality sensor
First Checks
- Sample DEF from the tank and inspect for cloudiness or discoloration; good DEF is clear to slightly yellow
- Connect Volvo VCADS Pro and check active codes, DEF quality sensor live data, and inducement counter distance
- Inspect the DEF filler cap and tank for damage or contamination
- If DEF quality is good but the sensor still reads low, check the sensor wiring and connector
Can I Keep Driving?
The Volvo D13 can continue operating in the warning stage, but the inducement timer is running. Resolve the DEF quality issue and use VCADS Pro to reset the inducement counter and clear fault codes before departing on any extended run.
Related Codes
Related Lookup Pages
Sources
- Volvo Trucks Tech Info Public Resources Volvo Trucks North America · oem · accessed 2026-06-11 · confidence medium
Source: Volvo Trucks North America, Volvo Trucks Tech Info Public Resources. This page paraphrases factual fields only and is not a substitute for the original document.
Open source - Volvo Trucks / Mack Trucks Technical Support Volvo Trucks North America / Mack Trucks Inc. · oem · accessed 2026-06-10 · confidence medium
Source: Volvo Trucks North America / Mack Trucks Inc., Volvo Trucks / Mack Trucks Technical Support. This page paraphrases factual fields only and is not a substitute for the original document.
Open source - SAE J1939 Standards Collection SAE International · official · accessed 2026-05-05 · confidence medium
Source: SAE International, SAE J1939 Standards Collection. This page paraphrases factual fields only and is not a substitute for the original document.
Open source
FAQ
What Volvo diagnostic software is used to reset the DEF inducement counter on a D13?
Volvo VCADS Pro is the primary diagnostic tool for D13 engines and provides full access to the aftertreatment system, including the DEF quality fault history and inducement counter. After correcting the DEF issue and confirming the sensor reads within range, the counter and fault codes can be reset in VCADS Pro.
Does Volvo call DEF by a different name on D13 documentation?
Volvo uses the term AdBlue in some service documentation and instrument cluster messages, particularly for vehicles built for European or global markets. In North American service documentation and fault code tables, DEF (diesel exhaust fluid) is the more common term. Both refer to the same ISO 22241 urea solution.
How cold does it have to be before DEF freezes and affects the Volvo D13 system?
DEF freezes at approximately -11°C (12°F). Volvo D13 systems include a DEF tank heater that thaws frozen DEF; the heater is powered on engine start. Frozen DEF does not permanently degrade the fluid, but a failed tank heater can leave the system unable to supply DEF in cold weather, potentially triggering quality or level faults.