Code Details
| Display code | SPN 110 FMI 0 |
|---|---|
| SPN | 110 |
| FMI | 0 |
| OEM code | None listed |
| Manufacturer | Volvo |
| System | Engine �?cooling system |
| Component | Engine coolant temperature sensor / cooling system |
| Source address | Unknown or not applicable |
| Severity | stop safely |
| Review status | source backed |
| Source confidence | medium |
| Last reviewed | 2026-06-11 |
Plain-English Meaning
The Volvo D13 cooling system is responsible for keeping the engine within a safe temperature range at all operating conditions. When coolant temperature rises above the warning threshold, the system cannot manage the heat load. Ignoring this fault risks head gasket failure and costly engine repairs. On Volvo VNL, VNX, and VHD trucks, the D13 cooling system fan clutch is electronically controlled by EMS3. VCADS Pro can command the fan clutch on and off during diagnostics to confirm proper engagement. A fan clutch that is stuck partially engaged — not fully locked under thermal demand — allows coolant temperature to creep up under load. Confirming fan clutch state in VCADS Pro at multiple coolant temperatures during a test drive is the most direct way to evaluate fan system contribution to the overheating condition.
SPN 110 FMI 0 is Engine Coolant Temperature above normal. On Volvo D13 EMS2/EMS3, the ECM manages the viscous fan clutch and coolant circuit. VCADS Pro provides coolant temperature, fan engagement data, thermostat inlet temperature, and EGR cooler circuit status for a complete cooling system diagnosis.
Common Symptoms
- High coolant temperature warning lamp
- Engine protection derate possibly active
- Rapid temperature rise under sustained high load
Possible Causes
Possible causes may include the items below. The list is not a parts diagnosis.
- Low coolant level
- Thermostat stuck closed
- Radiator or CAC airflow blocked
- Viscous fan clutch not engaging
- Water pump failure
- EGR cooler leak introducing exhaust heat into the coolant circuit
First Checks
- Check coolant level in the expansion tank
- Inspect the radiator and charge air cooler face for debris
- Connect VCADS Pro and monitor coolant temperature, fan engagement, and thermostat behavior
- Inspect for external coolant leaks
- Use VCADS Pro to command the fan clutch on and verify it engages fully
- Test coolant inhibitor concentration with a test strip or refractometer
Can I Keep Driving?
Reduce load and stop if coolant temperature continues to rise. Overheating risks expensive head gasket and cylinder head damage.
Related Codes
Related Lookup Pages
Sources
- Volvo Trucks Tech Info Public Resources Volvo Trucks North America · oem · accessed 2026-06-11 · confidence medium
Source: Volvo Trucks North America, Volvo Trucks Tech Info Public Resources. This page paraphrases factual fields only and is not a substitute for the original document.
Open source - Volvo Trucks / Mack Trucks Technical Support Volvo Trucks North America / Mack Trucks Inc. · oem · accessed 2026-06-10 · confidence medium
Source: Volvo Trucks North America / Mack Trucks Inc., Volvo Trucks / Mack Trucks Technical Support. This page paraphrases factual fields only and is not a substitute for the original document.
Open source - SAE J1939 Standards Collection SAE International · official · accessed 2026-05-05 · confidence medium
Source: SAE International, SAE J1939 Standards Collection. This page paraphrases factual fields only and is not a substitute for the original document.
Open source
FAQ
How does the Volvo D13 fan clutch operate and how can I test it?
The Volvo D13 uses a viscous fan clutch controlled by the EMS based on coolant temperature, charge air temperature, and A/C demand. VCADS Pro can display the commanded fan duty cycle and can also command the fan to maximum speed via a service routine. If the fan does not respond to a VCADS Pro maximum fan command, the clutch or its control circuit is at fault.
Can the EGR cooler on the Volvo D13 cause coolant loss that leads to overheating?
Yes. An internal EGR cooler leak allows coolant to pass into the exhaust stream. This produces white or steam-like exhaust and causes unexplained coolant consumption. If the leak is significant, coolant level drops, cooling system capacity decreases, and overheating can follow. A combustion gas test in the coolant reservoir can identify this fault without disassembly.
Is there a known issue with Volvo D13 thermostats at high mileage?
Thermostat failures �?either stuck open causing slow warm-up or stuck closed causing overheating �?are a general maintenance item across all diesel engines, including the D13. No specific widespread thermostat failure mode for the D13 is documented in public service bulletins, but replacement is inexpensive and is often part of a preventive cooling system service at high mileage.