Code Details
| Display code | SPN 102 FMI 1 |
|---|---|
| SPN | 102 |
| FMI | 1 |
| OEM code | None listed |
| Manufacturer | Volvo |
| System | Engine �?turbocharger / charge air |
| Component | Turbocharger / charge air cooler / boost pressure sensor |
| Source address | Unknown or not applicable |
| Severity | medium |
| Review status | source backed |
| Source confidence | medium |
| Last reviewed | 2026-06-11 |
Plain-English Meaning
The Volvo D13 VGT turbocharger controls boost pressure to optimize performance and emissions. When actual boost falls below the commanded target, the engine reduces fuel delivery to prevent overfueling, resulting in less power. Identifying whether the deficit is from a VGT fault, a boost leak, or a sensor issue is the key first step. On Volvo VNL, VNX, and VHD trucks with the D13, SPN 102 FMI 1 often appears alongside EGR system faults because the EGR system affects boost pressure. VCADS Pro provides live boost pressure readings and EGR-related data simultaneously, allowing the technician to determine whether the boost pressure drop is driven by the charging system (turbocharger or intercooler) or by EGR flow affecting backpressure. Confirming whether the fault is active under load or only at idle helps narrow the root cause.
SPN 102 FMI 1 is Engine Intake Manifold Pressure below normal. On Volvo D13 EMS2/EMS3, VCADS Pro provides commanded boost target and actual manifold pressure simultaneously. A VGT actuator service routine in VCADS Pro can command the vanes through their range to confirm actuator responsiveness.
Common Symptoms
- Reduced power under load
- Sluggish throttle response
- Possible increase in visible exhaust smoke
- Reduced power under load as boost pressure fails to reach expected levels
- May be accompanied by EGR system fault codes
Possible Causes
Possible causes may include the items below. The list is not a parts diagnosis.
- VGT actuator fault
- Charge air cooler or pipe boost leak
- Restricted air filter
- Turbocharger wear
- Boost sensor drift
- Boost pressure sensor circuit fault
- Intercooler or charge air hose leak reducing downstream boost
First Checks
- Connect VCADS Pro and compare commanded vs. actual boost
- Inspect charge air hoses and clamps for leaks
- Check air filter restriction
- Run VGT actuator test in VCADS Pro
- Connect VCADS Pro and monitor live boost pressure vs. expected values at various throttle positions
- Inspect the charge air cooler hoses and intercooler for cracks, loose clamps, or oil leaks from turbo seal
Can I Keep Driving?
Driveable but with reduced performance under load. Diagnose before sustained heavy operation.
Related Codes
Related Lookup Pages
Sources
- Volvo Trucks Tech Info Public Resources Volvo Trucks North America · oem · accessed 2026-06-11 · confidence medium
Source: Volvo Trucks North America, Volvo Trucks Tech Info Public Resources. This page paraphrases factual fields only and is not a substitute for the original document.
Open source - Volvo Trucks / Mack Trucks Technical Support Volvo Trucks North America / Mack Trucks Inc. · oem · accessed 2026-06-10 · confidence medium
Source: Volvo Trucks North America / Mack Trucks Inc., Volvo Trucks / Mack Trucks Technical Support. This page paraphrases factual fields only and is not a substitute for the original document.
Open source - SAE J1939 Standards Collection SAE International · official · accessed 2026-05-05 · confidence medium
Source: SAE International, SAE J1939 Standards Collection. This page paraphrases factual fields only and is not a substitute for the original document.
Open source
FAQ
Does the Volvo D13 use a variable geometry turbocharger in all configurations?
The Volvo D13 uses a variable geometry turbocharger (VGT) in current EPA 2010 and later configurations that require precise control of EGR flow and exhaust backpressure for the aftertreatment system. Some earlier D13 configurations used a wastegate turbocharger without variable geometry. VCADS Pro can confirm the specific turbocharger type for the engine serial number.
Can a partially clogged DPF cause low boost on the Volvo D13?
A severely overloaded DPF increases exhaust backpressure, which loads the turbine wheel and can reduce compressor speed and boost output. This effect is typically more pronounced than with a healthy DPF. A DPF differential pressure fault (SPN 3251) alongside SPN 102 FMI 1 would suggest DPF restriction as a contributing factor.
Is VCADS Pro required to diagnose SPN 102 FMI 1 on the Volvo D13?
While any J1939-capable scan tool can read the fault code, VCADS Pro is needed to access the commanded boost pressure parameter and the VGT actuator bidirectional tests. Without commanded target data, it is difficult to quantify the boost deficit or confirm whether the VGT is responding correctly.